Unfortunately it's the only laptop some companies provide their developers

This is just unnecessarily mean-spirited and unconstructive

The issue then becomes how do you make it accessible to screen readers? It's not impossible, just very tedious and requires cross browser and cross-device testing

While I understand the concern... Not everything ever made needs to be fully accessible to everyone.

That said, there are already aria labels for UI contexts such as modal windows. Desktop OSes are already multi-modal.