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What if someone (Google) used Google suite to send 10k emails to fire people. Wouldn’t that be considered normal for the server for a day let alone a week. Yes I know I could have come up with a better example.

ye olde corporate reply to all bomb .. no more emails this week everyone, we have used up our quota

Those would be internal so I'm not sure they'd even count against your quota.

The example was given to say you could be a gsuite customer and have 10k emails a week be very normal. Something that wouldn’t trigger any alarms unless set. The alarms would probably be set on a curve. Something unusual would be far off the curve.

The solution to the solution to solve a problem is to create a new problem.

A year ago everyone was so hyped on LLMs even on HN. A year later I see frustration and disappointment on HN. It’s very interesting because this is the case with every new technology and the ‘next thing’

I think America in general is moving to a service based economy where you don’t own anything anymore. Everything from cars (lease) to homes (rentals) to electronics to insurance etc comes at a monthly cost. This kind of model works when the central government is trusted (or at least perceived to be trusted) to keep the wheel churning. I think the current government took some of the power back from big tech and people didn’t like it. Very interesting because the whole argument was private companies having too much power. Now the argument is government having too much power.

You only now just think this? The writing has been on the wall for quite some time. Especially as you move down in age cohort.

Yes even the WEF has been planning for this for a decade with their "you will own nothing but you will be happy" indoctrination.

At some point government and companies will be merging into one.

Be modest. A lot was accomplished before you were born.

Humans are incredible. Leaving the planet and taking a trip on the moon and possibly mars someday is no small feat.

We just need to fix our planet. Or to be honest, stop ruining it so it heals itself.


Humans are also, possibly apart from dogs, the only beings that think humans are incredible. If we take any other entity in the universe, then chances are they think pretty lowly of humans and their cherished intelligence, if at all.

We don't have a frame of reference. Compared to similar creatures we could be pathetic or impressive.

Personally I'm very impressed how much we've accomplished with our crappy intellect and destructive nature.


They do. It’s just that the people using these devices won’t go public with it. I’ve seen so many bizarre bugs in my own experience but I’ve gotten zero articles on them by popular tech journals.

This bug got popularity that’s all.


Given how much revenue depends on the experience of a web app and loading times, I’d be happy to pay 100$ a month on that revenue if I don’t have to sacrifice a second of additional loading time no matter how clever I was optimizing it.

That 1 second of loading time probably has more to do with heavy frontends and third-party scripts, than the backend server's capacity.

$100 is peanuts to most businesses, of course. But even so, I'd rather spend it on fixing an actual bottleneck.


Not all businesses depend on milliseconds being shaved off the loading times

For example: Ticketmaster makes a ton of money and their site is complete dogshit.


What do you do about ipv4 ? Do you also use a routing VM to manage all that ?

It’s very interesting how people rent large VMs with a hypervisor. I’m wondering if licenses for VPS have any clauses preventing this for commercial scale.


I help my dad run a proxmox setup on a server he's got from a local craigslist analog and put on a co-location in a datacenter. It only uses a single public IP. All VMs are in a "virtual intranet", and the host itself acts like a router (giving local IP addresses to VMs via dnsmasq, routing VM internet access via NAT, forwarding specific outside ports to specific VMs). For example ports 80, 443 are given to a dedicated "nginx vm" which then will route a request to a specific VM depending on the hostname.

Why not just Nginx Proxy Manager? Solves both the Proxy issue as well as TLS/SSL.

https://nginxproxymanager.com/


There are security benefits of not having public IPs on every VM.

I assign few VMs public IPs and use them as ingress / SSL termination / load balancer for my workloads running on VMs with only internal IPs.

I personally use kvm with libvirt and manage all these with Ansible.


Hetzner has some docs: https://docs.hetzner.com/robot/dedicated-server/ip/additiona...

Since I only needed about 3 VMs (though each being a bit beefier, running containers on them, a web server sitting in front of those with vhosts as ingress), I could give each VM its own IPv4 address and it didn’t end up being too expensive for my use case. Would be a bit different for someone who wants many small VMs.


I’d suggest if you are going to do this to your MacBooks to get the silver one. The silver one is actually aluminum and no one would notice.

I’d actually be interested to see it on a black one. It might look like “brassing” on an old, well used camera.

Whilst I like that it increases the “tooliness” of the Mac it’s not of me I think.

I like mine pristine. ”There are many like it but this one is mine”, yada, yada.


Worn anodizing on aluminium doesn't look anywhere as good as brass under lacquer.

Many like it there are. Mine this one is”, Yoda, Yoda.

They’re all actually aluminum, anodized to the color you choose. The silver one is the only one not anodized.

Filing off the anodized layer is indeed bound to look awful.


Not to well actually your well actually but they’re all anodized to prevent corrosion and scratches (the oxide layer is harder than the underlying aluminum) - the silver one is just undyed.

And in the pictures you can see a clear color difference between the anodized silver body and the exposed aluminum. It's subtle from a distance, but if you zoom in a bit its pretty obvious

That difference will fade with time.

The pictures were taken months later, so some fading already happened

Well actually, your not well actually to the well actually was actually a well actually of the well actually. Just sayin’.

What tools are needed to redo the anodized color? Is it doable at home?

You have to grind off the existing Al2O3 protective layer using sandpapers/sandblasters and/or power tools, then ultrasound + acetone wash the parts, then dump it into an acid bath while running electrical current through the pieces. Special dyes can be added for color. Then the pieces are boiled in regular water to further improve durability. The combination of the acid and electricity then boiling cause Al to form beehive shaped surface micropores, and dyes - actually inorganic, so pigments - gets electrically jammed into the pores. The whole outer surface become thick insulating layer of highly chemically resistant and mechanically rigid white/transparent Al2O3 once the process is complete. Voltage, current, waveform, temperature, solution acidity, etc etc affect colors and oxide thickness and shapes and sizes therefore aesthetics as well as durability. "Anodization" refers to this process of electro-acidic-heat formation of the oxide layer, not the coloring. The coloring powder is an extra.

Technically it can be done in a garage, but spot and/or intact application might be difficult. Strict color matching against Apple made things would be impossible.


How comfortable are you working with chromic acid and boric-sulfuric acid in your home?

As long as it's not hydrofluoric acid...

I have an experiment at work that is generating gaseous hydroflouric acid at 800 degrees F. It's inside a triple containment system that takes a full day to set up and take apart, and we have all sorts of quality checks to validate that it is safe to access and has been fully titrated after the experiment has run. We accidentally ruined a very expensive ion chromatography machine a few weeks ago... Acid gasses are just no fun to work with.

I bought a light HF acid (rust remover) so I can properly clean titanium parts before anodizing. Worked like a charm...

just don't let any of it get on your skin. only takes a splash to land you in intensive care.

To echo the sibling comment: approximately not, it's a strong acid bath which precludes operating electronics in it, and it's electrochemistry.

People do home anodizing all the time, but colored home anodizing on electronics is very rare.

The way to do it would be wrapping it in, say, a wet paper towel with your strong acid solution (but not sulfuric, because that would turn the paper into pure carbon foam) and running outside current from the laptop through the paper to a cathode, or vice versa.


Wouldn't you want to completely disassemble the laptop first anyway, at which point the electronics would be disconnected from the metal parts anyway?

You really can't fully disassemble current macbooks and put them back together without major tooling - the chassis is not just a wrapper, it's structural to the way they're interconnected, lots of glue and things like that.

Sounds almost like a turtle's exoskeleton

Yes it’s doable at home, even with fairly primitive tools. You need several chemicals and (if you wish) colored dye.

Anodizing works as follows:

1. Take the MacBook apart

2. Clean it

3. Chemical bath to remove old anodized layer

4. Clean it again

5. Chemical bath with power supply attached. applied voltage+current and duration will determine hardness and thickness of the anodized layer.

6. Clean it

7. Dye it.

8. Seal the dye in a hot water bath.

It’s fairly straight forward to do.


This made me smile because in my book this is at every effect impossible, especially if the goal is getting a functioning laptop at the end of the process. To be clear, it's impossible for me because I lack the knowledge, expertise and tooling to even think about doing it.

Nonsense, it just makes it more effort for you - nothing is impossible.

Also, the way you acquire the knowledge, expertise and tooling is by screwing around with stuff where you have no idea what you’re doing.


Depending on the field you want to gain knowledge it can mean: “famous last words” or “missing body parts”. Nothing against the spirit of learning and challenge one’s skills. But especially people on YouTube show of quite dangerous things and sell them as everybody can do it. My list here: Metal / Wood work on a lathe with off center or unbalanced pieces in a 3 jaw chuck.

Playing around with lithium batteries to build bigger battery packs (DYI Perks did this and even though he mentions the dangers of doing that (fire or electric shock) it’s still inspires people to do the same in their living rooms.

Then is playing with chemicals.

Again I’m not saying don’t do it. But one should ease into things not just grab a random set of chemicals and disassemble a laptop and hook up a power supply etc by just following a list from the internet.


Well, it's impossible to me given my natural born level of habilites with this kind of work, and the time I would need to invest to learn how to do it properly. Because it's not just a matter of buying some device and do it, you need to learn by trial and error, add more and more physical tools to your toolbox, have the dedicated space where to store and try all of it safely etc etc

13 year old me who anodised remote control car chassis completely agrees the process is quite simple.

In the context of a MacBook, it’s not. Removing just the aluminium components and leaving everything that doesn’t like baths undamaged is practically impossible for amateurs. I’m not sure it’s something many professionals would take on.


I think it could be possible for the bottom half. The lid would be way, way trickier (unless you have one with a broken screen already and know how to put the new one together).

I’m wondering what custom colours you could do with that process btw!


Practically anything! Vibrant colours work best, and there are techniques to do transitions, fades, and masking to get multiple colours, though I’ve never done those myself.

Not strictly DIY because a professional anodizing workshop did the actual anodizing, but cool results nevertheless:

https://lowendmac.com/2024/ryan-andersons-colorized-anodized...


> 1. Take the MacBook apart

Otherwise known as "remove everything from the chassis, leaving only the chassis."

But do so in a way that lets you fully re-assemble it later on, after you've finished the re-anodising.

> 7. Dye it.

Why the dye? I thought anodising's colour comes only from the voltage used, with no dye needed.

ie you can pick the colour you want, but you need to get the voltage correct for that colour


> Why the dye? I thought anodising's colour comes only from the voltage used, with no dye needed.

That's true for anodization processes for some other metals like titanium and stainless steel, but aluminum is dyed. Also the process is material specific. Anodization for Al is only possible because Al does that unique self organizing micropore thing.


Yep, you're right. I was thinking of titanium. :)

If anyone's interested in details of Aluminium anodising, this seems like a decently thorough introduction: https://nzic.org.nz/unsecure_files/book/8E.pdf


No, that's steel, and not with voltage, but with temperature: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_coloring_of_metals. For aluminium, you add dye to third bath.

Reversing step 1 will be the real tricky part.

Just get some clear nailpolish and apply it with the included brush. Not as good but dead easy.

People are unloading the cognitive load onto the LLM. Probably because life stress is causing them to rely on technology to bring relief. It may not necessarily be a great choice.

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