The Jewish tradition may be learning-based, but it's ideas about learning are extremely deferential & scholastic way. A Jewish scholar can quote sages the debates that they had.
If I had to use common sense to guess what a traditional Jewish education would qualify for, I would guess lawyers.
Anyway, this is all very theoretical. Most Jews do not receive a traditional Jewish education and most of those in the Tel Aviv startup scene are probably at least 2nd generation seculars or more.
The article overlooked something that I think is important: Israelis have a culture that fosters a strong competitive spirit. However, it's not the sort of competitive spirit that encourages lone-wolf style thinking - they're excellent team players.
I think that a lot of the traits that you get from living in a place that requires you to always be ready to fight like hell for survival leak into everything else.
I agree[1] with "most of those in the Tel Aviv startup scene are probably at least 2nd generation seculars or more."
When I was in Israel there were quite a few flavours of Israeli securalism. There is quite a strong communist sentiment here, a neo-agrarian sentiment there. Non jewish stuff abounds with a lot of Humanism and the ultimate fence sitting home base of Bahá'í Faith[2]
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[1] I don't esp agree with the first statement.
The scolasticism you describe seems to be referring to Hasidic-Yeshiva type Jewish Education. My personal Jewish upbringing was quite removed from that, but theres so few of us we also know the Yeshiva types well. From my experience of that style I would say that Yeshivites would yield less of the top rolecall that seems to be the evidence trotted out by this article.
If I had to use common sense to guess what a traditional Jewish education would qualify for, I would guess lawyers.
Anyway, this is all very theoretical. Most Jews do not receive a traditional Jewish education and most of those in the Tel Aviv startup scene are probably at least 2nd generation seculars or more.