COBOL is a valid comparison in terms of its space occupied and the verbosity the language is. The difference is cobol is really mainframe era and java is mini / unix era. Its client side except via phone is largely gone. But like cobol still in mainframe apps, so would be java. We do not see that gone as mini/unix not dying.
The windows server running java is an area I am not sure and not much encountered. But windows and Microsoft languages are the only competitor here.
Client-side is gone on most languages. While there's still native mobile apps (and some rare desktop apps), the only language available on the client-side for the web is javascript or languages that can be transpiled to javascript. Flash, cold fusion and other stuff are gone. It's not a "Java is dead" thing.
The windows server running java is an area I am not sure and not much encountered. But windows and Microsoft languages are the only competitor here.