Yes, they do, but for backend there is no common denominator, for the front end the end result is HTML, JS and CSS on the browser and it all comes to these three. THe only loose commonality on the backend that I can think of is the SQL to some point, but even that is a stretch. For front-end a framework or no-framework but manual HTML-JS-CSS will build you the same result in the end, just the amount of work is different.