>If for example they pay out dividends for 100% of their earnings to stockholders, the value of google would stay the same, while this people would own a larger share of the company.
If it did you are right that the earnings would not add to the total value.
>If you rule out that payments are coming from marketing, it's basically like "if I buy stocks of my employer company one day I will own them". Unlikely, but not impossible.
What does marketing have to do with it? If you buy stock in your employer with your salary you wouldn't always be able to eventually own it. Your contribution to the company is 100 and hopefully you are a net positive contributor and are only paid 50 for that work. The company thus increases in value by 50 through your work. So to eventually own the company you have to invest more than 50 to win the race, otherwise for every bit you buy the company increases in value by more than that. In this mock example 50 is the total of your salary so it's not possible.
Google doesn't pay dividends:
http://investor.google.com/corporate/faq.html#dividend
If it did you are right that the earnings would not add to the total value.
>If you rule out that payments are coming from marketing, it's basically like "if I buy stocks of my employer company one day I will own them". Unlikely, but not impossible.
What does marketing have to do with it? If you buy stock in your employer with your salary you wouldn't always be able to eventually own it. Your contribution to the company is 100 and hopefully you are a net positive contributor and are only paid 50 for that work. The company thus increases in value by 50 through your work. So to eventually own the company you have to invest more than 50 to win the race, otherwise for every bit you buy the company increases in value by more than that. In this mock example 50 is the total of your salary so it's not possible.