I think it's because some emails might have already been sent and be sitting in the outbound mail queues of various mail servers. Some of those might retry for up to 14 days.
Hence, 14 days to be sure you won't get any more emails.
I don’t buy that sorry. Sounds plausible but isn’t an excuse.
I can’t imagine many mail servers will retry up to 14 days unless the spammers configured it to do so. That’s a very uncommon length of time.
And it’s totally within the spammers’ control to choose and/or configure mail servers with a shorter duration. Just how important do they think their spam is!
I had a message the other day: “We will try our best to unsubscribe you within 30 days”. Well, don’t strain yourselves